Our sources
Sources
Where a page on this site states a statistic about the outside world, such as wages, business counts or job vacancy rates, it links to its entry on this page.
Each entry for an outside figure shows the publisher, the table or page, the date the figure refers to, the link and the day we read it. We use official sources, and we opened each one.
A figure describes a place and a date. It is not a promise about your business.
We never set Canada and US figures side by side unless they measure the same thing.
Each entry says what the figure counts. Establishments are places of business, not companies. Jobs are jobs in an occupation, not businesses.
Where we did our own sums, as with the hiring costs, the method comes first.
Our prices, terms, guarantees and client results are not statistics from outside sources, so they are not listed here.
Each statistic on the site links to its entry by its ID, for example SRC-A1.
56 sources
No sources match
Calculated results (our calculation)
How we worked out the hiring costs (SRC-D26 to SRC-D31).
These are our calculation from the official inputs below.
They use the low end of pay (the 10th percentile), so they are a floor, not a full cost.
No official group carries our role titles, so each role is priced from the closest official group named in its entry.
Canada (Ontario), statutory employer costs only.
Pay: the Job Bank wage (low or median) x 2,080 hours (40 hours x 52 weeks, our conversion).
Employer costs: CPP at 5.95% of pay between $3,500 and $74,600; CPP2 at 4% of pay between $74,600 and $85,000 (it touches only the typical-pay figures); EI at 2.282% (1.4 x the employee rate of 1.63%) of pay up to $68,900.
Monthly cost = (pay + CPP + CPP2 + EI) / 12, rounded to the dollar.
The seven-role total is the sum of the rounded rows.
Canada, what is not counted: group benefits, workers' compensation premiums, other provincial payroll charges, recruiting, equipment, training, and any pay above the low end.
Worked example, account manager, low end: $20.00 x 2,080 = $41,600.
CPP: ($41,600 minus $3,500) x 5.95% = $2,266.95.
EI: $41,600 x 2.282% = $949.31.
($41,600 + $2,266.95 + $949.31) / 12 = $3,734.69, shown as $3,735.
-
SRC-D26
Canada (Ontario), low end of pay, statutory employer costs only, a month: account manager $3,735; marketing specialist $3,735; sales enablement specialist $4,763; operations coordinator $3,729; automation specialist $6,235; AI specialist $5,665; software developer $4,040. Inputs: SRC-D1 to D6 and D8 to D10. Reference period: wages 2023 to 2024, rates 2026.
Figure
- account manager $3,735
- marketing specialist $3,735
- sales enablement specialist $4,763
- operations coordinator $3,729
- automation specialist $6,235
- AI specialist $5,665
- software developer $4,040
- Publisher
- Susanoo (our calculation from the official inputs listed)
- Reference
- Wages 2023 to 2024, rates 2026
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a floor, not a full cost.
Hiring costs, our calculation
-
SRC-D27
Canada (Ontario), typical (median) pay, statutory employer costs only, a month, same seven roles in the same order: $6,908; $6,908; $7,428; $5,494; $8,341; $8,852; $7,446. Same inputs and periods.
Figure
- $6,908
- $6,908
- $7,428
- $5,494
- $8,341
- $8,852
- $7,446
- Publisher
- Susanoo (our calculation from the official inputs listed)
- Reference
- Wages 2023 to 2024, rates 2026
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- the median wage, not a full cost.
Hiring costs, our calculation
-
SRC-D28
Canada (Ontario), the seven roles at the low end of pay, statutory employer costs only: $31,902 a month (the sum of the seven rounded rows in SRC-D26).
Figure
- $31,902 a month
- Publisher
- Susanoo (our calculation from the official inputs listed)
- Reference
- Wages 2023 to 2024, rates 2026
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a floor, not a full cost.
Hiring costs, our calculation
Canada (Ontario) pay inputs, ESDC Job Bank, Labour Force Survey, 2023 to 2024
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SRC-D1
Ontario pay for the group NOC 11202 (page title "Advertising and promotions specialist"), used for the account manager and marketing specialist roles: low $20.00, median $37.02 (high $58.97) an hour.
- Figure
- $20.00 and $37.02 an hour (Ontario, 2023 to 2024)
- Publisher
- ESDC Job Bank
- Reference
- 2023 to 2024 (page text "updated on November 19, 2025")
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- hourly pay of employees in the group, not what any one employer pays.
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SRC-D2
Ontario pay for the group NOC 11200, human resources professionals (page title "Human Resources Supervisor"), used for the sales enablement specialist role: low $25.48, median $39.90 (high $62.02) an hour.
- Figure
- $25.48 and $39.90 (Ontario, 2023 to 2024)
- Publisher
- ESDC Job Bank
- Reference
- 2023 to 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-D1. The group is human resources, the closest official group.
-
SRC-D3
Ontario pay for the group NOC 13100, administrative officers, used for the operations coordinator role: low $19.97, median $29.38 (high $45.00) an hour.
- Figure
- $19.97 and $29.38 (Ontario, 2023 to 2024)
- Publisher
- ESDC Job Bank
- Reference
- 2023 to 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-D1.
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SRC-D4
Ontario pay for the group NOC 21221, business systems specialists (page title "Analyst, Business - Computer Systems"), used for the automation specialist role: low $33.33, median $45.13 (high $62.50) an hour.
- Figure
- $33.33 and $45.13 (Ontario, 2023 to 2024)
- Publisher
- ESDC Job Bank
- Reference
- 2023 to 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-D1.
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SRC-D5
Ontario pay for the group NOC 21232, software developers and programmers (page title "Software Development Programmer"), used for the AI specialist role: low $30.29, median $48.08 (high $77.40) an hour.
- Figure
- $30.29 and $48.08 (Ontario, 2023 to 2024)
- Publisher
- ESDC Job Bank
- Reference
- 2023 to 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-D1. No official group exists for AI specialists.
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SRC-D6
Ontario pay for the group NOC 21234, web developers and programmers (page title "Front-end Web Developer"), used for the software developer role: low $21.63, median $40.00 (high $56.41) an hour.
- Figure
- $21.63 and $40.00 (Ontario, 2023 to 2024)
- Publisher
- ESDC Job Bank
- Reference
- 2023 to 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-D1. The group is web developers.
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SRC-D7
Job Bank's low wage is, in most cases, the 10th percentile of wages.
- Figure
- Low wage is, in most cases, the 10th percentile (definition)
- Publisher
- ESDC Job Bank
- Reference
- undated page
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- how "low end of pay (10th percentile)" is defined.
Canada employer rates used in the calculation, Canada Revenue Agency, 2026
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SRC-D8
For 2026 the CRA publishes an employer CPP rate of 5.95% of earnings from $3,500 to $74,600, with a maximum of $4,230.45.
- Figure
- 5.95% (employer CPP rate, Canada, 2026)
- Publisher
- Canada Revenue Agency
- Reference
- 2026 (page dated 2025-10-31)
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a published rate we used as an input, not advice.
-
SRC-D9
For 2026 the CRA publishes an employer CPP2 rate of 4% of earnings from $74,600 to $85,000, with a maximum of $416.
- Figure
- 4% (employer CPP2 rate, Canada, 2026)
- Publisher
- Canada Revenue Agency
- Reference
- 2026
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-D8.
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SRC-D10
For 2026, outside Quebec, the CRA publishes an employee EI rate of 1.63% with the employer premium at 1.4 times that (2.282%), on insurable earnings up to $68,900, with an employer maximum of $1,572.30.
- Figure
- 2.282% (employer EI premium, Canada, 2026)
- Publisher
- Canada Revenue Agency
- Reference
- 2026
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-D8. Canada figures on this site are for Ontario.
Construction and trades
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SRC-A8
In 2025, Canada had 159,514 employer establishments in construction (NAICS 23), per Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada's Canadian Industry Statistics.
- Figure
- 159,514 employer establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- ISED Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- establishments with one or more employees, not firms.
Construction - 23 - Businesses, Canadian Industry Statistics
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SRC-A10
In July 2026, the job vacancy rate in Canadian construction was 2.8 percent, seasonally adjusted (Statistics Canada).
- Figure
- 2.8% (Canada, July 2026)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- July 2026 (release 2026-09-24)
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a vacancy rate for the construction sector, not a count.
Home services
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SRC-A12
In 2025, Canada had 28,724 employer establishments in services to buildings and dwellings (NAICS 5617), a group that includes pest control, janitorial, landscaping and carpet cleaning (ISED Canadian Industry Statistics).
- Figure
- 28,724 employer establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- ISED Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- establishments with employees in a group wider than home services.
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SRC-A13
Of those 28,724 employer establishments, 54.6 percent (15,677) have fewer than five employees and 44.5 percent (12,783) are small, with 5 to 99 employees (ISED, 2025).
- Figure
- 15,677 and 12,783 (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- ISED Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- employer establishments only, by number of employees.
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SRC-A21
In Statistics Canada's NAICS Canada 2022, window cleaning services (561721), exterminating and pest control services (561710) and landscaping services (561730) are listed in group 5617, services to buildings and dwellings.
- Figure
- a classification, not a count (Canada)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- NAICS 2022 version 1.0; pages modified 2024-10-23
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- how Canada classifies these trades.
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SRC-A23
In Statistics Canada's NAICS Canada 2022, "power washing building exteriors" and "swimming pool cleaning and maintenance service" are listed under all other services to buildings and dwellings (561799), in group 5617.
- Figure
- a classification, not a count (Canada)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- NAICS 2022; modified 2024-10-23
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- how Canada classifies these services.
Automotive
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SRC-A25
In 2025, Canada had 25,037 employer establishments in automotive repair and maintenance (NAICS 8111), which includes automotive body, paint, interior and glass repair (ISED).
- Figure
- 25,037 employer establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- ISED Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- establishments with employees, not shops or firms.
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SRC-A26
Of those, 13,536 have fewer than five employees, 11,484 are small (5 to 99 employees) and 17 are medium (100 to 499) (ISED, 2025).
- Figure
- 13,536; 11,484; 17 (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- ISED Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- employer establishments only, by number of employees.
-
SRC-A28
In 2024, Canadian automotive repair and maintenance businesses (NAICS 8111) averaged $619.2 thousand in total revenue per business, among 35,980 businesses with annual revenue of $30,000 to $5,000,000, all incorporation statuses.
- Figure
- $619.2 thousand (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- ISED Canada
- Reference
- data year 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- average total revenue per business in that revenue range (reliability grade C), not pay or profit, and not every establishment. The page says "thousands of dollars" and names no currency.
Automotive repair and maintenance - 8111 - Financial performance
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SRC-A29
In 2025, Canada had 6,480 employer establishments in automobile dealers, sales and service (NAICS 4411): 2,076 with fewer than five employees, 4,159 small, 244 medium and 1 large.
- Figure
- 6,480 employer establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- ISED Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- all dealers, sales and service, employer establishments.
Childcare and education
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SRC-B1
In 2024, Canada had 14,523 centre-based child care providers, which cared for 909,158 children.
- Figure
- 14,523 providers; 909,158 children (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- providers, not firms.
The Daily, "Canadian Survey on the Provision of Child Care Services, 2024"
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SRC-B2
As of April 8, 2024, 77.3% of child care centres in Canada had an active waitlist.
- Figure
- 77.3% (Canada, 2024-04-08)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2024-04-08
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a national share of centres, not a figure for each province.
-
SRC-B3
In 2024, 59.5% of child care centres in Canada were operating at their maximum capacity.
- Figure
- 59.5% (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a share of centres.
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SRC-B4
In 2024, 86.4% of child care centres in Canada reported difficulty filling vacant positions.
- Figure
- 86.4% (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a share of centres that reported the difficulty.
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SRC-B5
In 2024, 24.9% of child care centres in Canada had a maximum capacity of 81 children or more, and 34.7% had 1 to 40 children.
- Figure
- 24.9% and 34.7% (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- centres by licensed size.
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SRC-B6
In 2025, 58% of children aged 0 to 5 in Canada were in child care (56% in 2023).
- Figure
- 58% (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2025 (collected January to April 2025)
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a parent-reported survey of children, not centres.
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SRC-B7
In 2025, among parents of children aged 0 to 5 who were not using child care, 31% said their child was on a waitlist (26% in 2023).
- Figure
- 31% (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a parent-reported share, not a count of centres.
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SRC-B8
Ontario reports that 93% of licensed child care spaces for children aged 0 to 5 are in programs enrolled in the Canada-wide child care system (CWELCC), as of June 2026.
- Figure
- 93% (Ontario, June 2026)
- Publisher
- Government of Ontario
- Reference
- June 2026
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- enrolment of licensed spaces in a government program.
"Canada-Ontario early learning and child care agreement", Accomplishments to date
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SRC-B9
As of March 31, 2022, Ontario had 5,545 licensed child care centres and about 472,997 licensed child care spaces.
- Figure
- 5,545 centres; about 472,997 spaces (Ontario, 2022-03-31)
- Publisher
- Government of Ontario
- Reference
- 2022-03-31
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- licensed centres and spaces as of that date.
-
SRC-B10
Based on 2021 tax data (T2202), Canada had 245 private colleges, and 16,610 international students (3.8% of international students) were enrolled at private colleges.
- Figure
- 245; 16,610; 3.8% (Canada, 2021)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2021
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- institutions found in the T2202 tax file.
Care and community services
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SRC-B16
In 2024, the gross domestic product of Canada's community non-profits (social services, advocacy, sports and recreation) was $42,304 million, in current prices.
- Figure
- $42,304 million (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- the value of activity of community non-profits, in current dollars, not revenue.
Table 36-10-0616-01, "Gross domestic product (GDP) of non-profit institutions by sub-sector"
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SRC-B17
In 2024, social services non-profit activity in Canada had a gross domestic product of $27,470 million, in current prices.
- Figure
- $27,470 million (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- the social services activity only, in current dollars.
-
SRC-B18
Canada had 85,360 registered charities, according to the Canada Revenue Agency's administrative data for 2023.
- Figure
- 85,360 registered charities (Canada, 2023)
- Publisher
- Canada Revenue Agency
- Reference
- 2023
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- registered charities, not all non-profits.
"Report on the Charities Program 2024-2025", The charitable sector by the numbers
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SRC-B19
In 2023, government was the main source of registered charities' revenue, at 64% of all revenue.
- Figure
- 64% (Canada, 2023)
- Publisher
- Canada Revenue Agency
- Reference
- 2023
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- a share of registered charities' revenue.
-
SRC-B20
In 2025, all health care and social assistance employment in Canada averaged 2,896.0 thousand persons.
- Figure
- 2,896.0 thousand persons (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- employment in the whole health care and social assistance industry, ages 15 and over, not care workers.
Table 14-10-0023-01, "Labour force characteristics by industry, annual"
Real estate and property
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SRC-B28
In 2025, the average vacancy rate for purpose-built rental apartments in Canada's largest census metropolitan areas rose to 3.1%, up from 2.2% in 2024.
- Figure
- 3.1% and 2.2% (Canada, 2025 and 2024)
- Publisher
- Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- purpose-built rental apartments in the largest census metropolitan areas, not the whole country.
Medical and wellness
-
SRC-C1
In December 2025, Canada had 17,874 dentist office locations with employees (NAICS 6212, Offices of dentists).
- Figure
- 17,874 locations (Canada, December 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- December 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- locations with employees, not firms. A business with several sites counts once for each.
Table 33-10-1095-01, Canadian Business Counts, with employees, December 2025
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SRC-C2
In December 2025, 7,092 of Canada's dentist office locations with employees had 1 to 4 employees.
- Figure
- 7,092 locations (Canada, December 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- December 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- locations by number of employees.
-
SRC-C3
In December 2025, Canada had 23,870 locations with employees in the group Offices of other health practitioners (NAICS 6213).
- Figure
- 23,870 locations (Canada, December 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- December 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- the whole group, locations with employees.
-
SRC-C4
In December 2025, 16,130 of those 23,870 locations had 1 to 4 employees.
- Figure
- 16,130 locations (Canada, December 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- December 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- locations by number of employees, whole group.
-
SRC-C5
In December 2025, Canada had 3,640 veterinary services locations with employees (NAICS 541940).
- Figure
- 3,640 locations (Canada, December 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- December 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- locations with employees, not firms.
-
SRC-C6
In December 2025, 1,106 of Canada's veterinary services locations with employees had 1 to 4 employees.
- Figure
- 1,106 locations (Canada, December 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada
- Reference
- December 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- locations by number of employees.
-
SRC-C7
In 2024, dentist offices in Canada averaged $799.0 thousand in total revenue per business, among businesses with annual revenue of $30,000 to $5,000,000.
- Figure
- $799.0 thousand (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada, shown by ISED
- Reference
- data year 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- average total revenue per business in that revenue range (reliability grade C), not pay or profit.
-
SRC-C8
In 2024, average revenue for Canadian dentist offices in the same range was $94.8 thousand, $269.3 thousand, $714.8 thousand and $2,117.2 thousand, from the lowest to the highest quarter of businesses.
- Figure
- four quarter averages (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada, shown by ISED
- Reference
- data year 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- average revenue of each quarter of businesses in the range, not shares.
-
SRC-C9
In 2024, optometrist offices in Canada averaged $510.0 thousand in total revenue per business, among businesses with annual revenue of $30,000 to $5,000,000.
- Figure
- $510.0 thousand (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada, shown by ISED
- Reference
- data year 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-C7 (grade C, 6,073 businesses).
-
SRC-C10
In 2024, veterinary services in Canada averaged $894.4 thousand in total revenue per business, among businesses with annual revenue of $30,000 to $5,000,000.
- Figure
- $894.4 thousand (Canada, 2024)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada, shown by ISED
- Reference
- data year 2024
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-C7 (grade C, 5,155 businesses).
Fitness and personal services
-
SRC-C17
In 2025, 20,546 personal care services establishments in Canada (NAICS 8121) had one or more employees.
- Figure
- 20,546 establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada special tabulation, shown by ISED
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- establishments with employees. Gyms are a separate code.
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SRC-C18
In 2025, 52,745 personal care services establishments in Canada were non-employers or indeterminate (the page's term).
- Figure
- 52,745 establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada special tabulation, shown by ISED
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- establishments that are non-employers or indeterminate, in the page's words. ISED cautions against adding it to the employer count.
-
SRC-C19
In 2025, 11,765 of Canada's personal care services establishments with employees had 1 to 4 employees (57.3% as published).
- Figure
- 11,765 establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada special tabulation, shown by ISED
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- employer establishments by number of employees.
-
SRC-C20
In 2025, 8,743 of Canada's personal care services establishments with employees had 5 to 99 employees (42.6% as published).
- Figure
- 8,743 establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada special tabulation, shown by ISED
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- employer establishments by number of employees.
-
SRC-C21
In 2025, 38 of Canada's personal care services establishments with employees had 100 to 499 employees.
- Figure
- 38 establishments (Canada, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada special tabulation, shown by ISED
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- employer establishments by number of employees.
-
SRC-C22
In Ontario in 2025, 8,221 personal care services establishments had one or more employees.
- Figure
- 8,221 establishments (Ontario, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada special tabulation, shown by ISED
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- Ontario establishments with employees.
-
SRC-C23
In Ontario in 2025, 17,000 personal care services establishments were non-employers or indeterminate.
- Figure
- 17,000 establishments (Ontario, 2025)
- Publisher
- Statistics Canada special tabulation, shown by ISED
- Reference
- 2025
- Read on
- 2026-10-05
- What this counts
- as SRC-C18, for Ontario.